CONTENTS

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A)   Industrial Accident Concept

     •   Hazard Concept Background

     •   Chemistry and Hazard Concept

     •   History of Chemistry and Understanding of Hazard

     •   Major Industrial Accidents

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B)   Process Hazard Analysis: Loss Prevention Logic

     •   Risk, Damage and Weighted Hazard Potential

     •   Risk and Reliability Link

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C)   What is Piping and Instrumentation Diagram (P&I: Piping and Instrumentation Diagram)?

     •   ANSI/ISA 5.1 (2009) and BS 1646 Standards

     •   Process Flow Diagrams (PFD- Process Flow Diagrams)

     •   What Should the P&ID Include?

     •   Descriptive Letters

     •   Control Circuits  (Simple Form) Signs

     •   What is Tag Number?

     •   Control Circuits Symbol and Tag Number

     •   Instrument Type

     •   Symbols (Equipment, Column and Reactors etc.)

     •   Shared Images / Shared Control in P&ID

     •   Instrument Control and Access in P&ID

     •   Equipment and Symbols

     •   Measurement Symbols: Measuring Devices and Transmitter Notations

     •   Measurement Symbols: Primary Equipment

     •   Piping Marks

     •   Simple Symbols (BS 1646)

     •   Control Circuits

     P&ID EXAMPLES

    SYMBOL AND EQUIPMENT READING ON SAMPLE P&ID

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D)   Node Concept

     •   What is the Node Concept? HAZOP and Node Relationship

     •   How to Identify Nodes in a Process?

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NODE STUDY ON SAMPLE P&ID

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E)   Occupational Safety in the Design of Chemical Plants

     •   What is Process Operability?

     •   Linking Operability, Safety and Reliability in Design

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F)     What is Process Hazard Analysis?

     •   Flexibility and Controllability

     •   Security and Reliability

     •   What is Security Protection Layers (LOPA-Layer of Protection Analysis)?

     •   Critical Query Technique

     •   IEC 61882- “Hazard and operability studies (HAZOP studies) - Practice guide

     •   How Should the HAZOP Procedure Be?

     •   HAZOP Application Technique (IEC 61882)

     •   Which Questions Answers

     •   What Kinds of Hazards Are Present in Processes? How Big Is the Risk?

     •   Risk Perception and Change Over Time

     •   In the HAZOP study;

     •   Keywords,

     •   design parameters,

     •   HAZOP bias matrix

     •   Example HAZOP Risk Prioritization Matrix

     •   HAZOP Connection with LOPA(Layer of Protection Analysis) Protection Layer Analysis

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G)   How to Apply the HAZOP Technique?

     •   Identifying the System or Activity

     •   Defining the Problem of Analysis

     •   Splitting System or Activity and Improving Deviation

     •   Using Results in Decision Mechanism

     •   Implementation in HAZOP Table

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     SAMPLE HAZOP APPLICATION

     SAMPLE HAZOP STUDY (WORK WILL BE DONE ON ONE NODE AND ONE LINE.)

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